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SKATES AND STINGRAYS OF THE ITALIAN WATERS: PART 1 (A BILINGUAL POST: ITALIAN)

4/30/2018

 
Oltre agli squali (1, 2), nelle nostre acque italiane vivono anche 31 specie di razze, pastinache e torpedini, loro parenti stretti, eccole qui descritte.
Translation: In addition to the sharks (1,2), in our Italian waters also live 31 species of rays, stingrays and torpedoes, their close relatives, here they are described.
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Picture: NOAA
La torpedine nera è la torpedine più grande conosciuta. Misura fino a 1 m e 80 cm e pesa 90 kg. Vive in tutte le acque italiane a più di 900 m di profondità. Come tutte le torpedini, genera scariche di elettricità di 220 volts per stanare le sue prede o difendersi dai predatori. Si nutre di pesci ossei, piccoli squali e crostacei. Dopo un periodo di gestazione di un anno, la femmina partorisce fino a 60 piccoli. A causa delle sue proprietà elettriche, la torpedine nera era utilizzata in medicina dagli antichi greci. Prima del XIX secolo, il suo olio di fegato veniva usato come combustibile per le lampade, ma ora non ha più alcun valore economico.
​Translation: The Atlantic torpedo (Tetronarce nobiliana) is is the largest known electric ray. It measures up to 1.8 m and weighing 90 kg. It lives in all Italian waters at depths of up to 800 m. Like all torpedoes generate up to 220 volts of electricity to stun its prey or defend itself against predators. It feeds on bony fishes, small sharks and crustaceans. After a gestation period of 1 year, females give birth to up to 60 pups. Because of its electrical properties, the Atlantic torpedo was used in medicine by the Ancient Greeks. Prior to the 19th century, its liver oil was used as lamp fuel, but it is no longer of any economic value.
​
Picture
Picture: Philippe Guillaume
La torpedine marezzata Misura 1 m. Vive in tutte le acque italiane tranne nel mare di Sicilia e nel mar di Sardegna a 20 – 100 m di profondità. Genera scariche elettriche di 70 – 80 volts. Si nutre di pesci ossei. Dopo un periodo di gestazione di 9 – 12 mesi, le femmine partoriscono 3 – 32 piccoli.
Translation: The marbled electric ray (Torpedo marmorata) measures 1 m. It lives in almost all Italian waters except the Sicily and Sardinia sea at depths of 20 – 100. Generates 70 – 80 volts of electricity. It feeds on bony fishes. After a gestation period of 9 – 12 months, females give birth 3 – 32 pups.
​
Picture
Picture source: Fish Base - Roberto Pillon
La torpedine comune o torpedine ocellata misura fino a 60 cm. Vive in quasi tutte le acque italiane tranne il mare di Sicilia e il mare di Sardegna a 2 – 70 m di profondità. Come tutte le torpedini genera scariche di 200 volts per stordire le prede e difendersi dai predatori. Si nutre di pesci ossei e crostacei. Dopo un periodo di gestazione di 4 – 8 mesi, le femmine partoriscono 28 piccoli. A causa delle sue proprietà elettriche, la torpedine comune veniva usata in medicina dagli antichi greci.
Translation: The common torpedo or ocellate torpedo or eyed electric ray (Torpedo torpedo) measures up to 60 cm. It lives in almost all Italian waters except the Sicily and Sardinia sea at depths of 2 – 70 m. Like all torpedoes generate up to 200 volts of electricity to stun its prey or defend itself against predators. It feeds on bony fishes and crustaceans. After a gestation period of 4 – 8 months, females give birth 28 pups. Because of its electrical properties, the common torpedo was used in medicine by the Ancient Greeks.

​
Picture
Picture: Fish Base - Roberto Pillon
Il pesce chitarra è molto simile al pesce violino ma lo si distingue dal muso più ampio. Misura 1 m e 60 cm. Vive in tutte le acque italiane a 100 m di profondità. Si nutre di gamberetti, granchi, altri crostacei, calamari e molluschi. Dopo un periodo di gestazione di 5 – 8 mesi, le femmine partoriscono 4 – 6 piccoli.
Translation: The blackchin guitarfish (Rhinobatos cemiculus or sometimes Glaucostegus cemiculus) is very similar to the common guitarfish but it differs to it for its wider snout. It measures 1 m 60 cm. It lives in all Italian waters at depths of 100 m. It feeds on shrimps, crabs, other crustaceans, squids and molluscs. After a gestation period of 5 – 8 months, females give birth 4 – 6 pups. 

Picture
© Citron / CC BY-SA 3.0
Il pesce violino misura 1 m e 47 cm. Vive in tutte le acque italiane a 100 m di profondità. Si nutre di crostacei, invertebrati e pesci. Dopo un periodo di gestazione di 9 mesi, le femmine partoriscono 8 – 14 piccoli. Viene spesso visto negli acquari.
Translation: The common guitarfish (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) measures 1 m 47 cm. It lives in all Italian waters at depths of 100 m. It feeds on crustaceans, invertebrates and fish. After a gestation period of 9 months, females give birth 8 – 14 pups. It is often shows in the aquariums.
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EUO © OCEANA 20161023 Dipturus oxyrinchus
La razza monaca misura 1 m e 50 cm. Vive in tutte le acque italiane a 15 – 900 m di profondità. Ha il muso appuntito, una fila di spine lungo la coda e il corpo ricoperto da punti neri. Si nutre di crostacei e cefalopodi. molto poco si sa della sua riproduzione.
Translation: The longnosed skate (Dipturus oxyrinchus) measures 1 m 50 cm. It lives in all Italian waters at depths of 15 – 900 m. It has a pointed snout, a row of spines along the tail and his body is covered by black spots. It feeds on crustaceans and cephalopods. Very little is known of its reproduction. 
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Picture
Foto in www.mnhn.fr/iccanam
La razza rotonda misura 1 m e 20 cm. Vive in quasi tutte le acque italiane a 70 – 600 m di profondità. Ha un muso corto e una fila di spine lungo la coda. Si nutre di crostacei e pesci. Molto poco si sa della sua riproduzione.
Translation: The sandy ray (Leucoraja circularis) measures 1 m 20 cm. It lives in almost all Italian waters at depths of 70 – 600 m. It has a short snout and a row of spines along the tail. It feeds on crustaceans and fishes. Very little is known of its reproduction. 
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Picture
La razza spinosa misura 1 m e 20 cm. Vive in quasi tutte le acque italiane a 30 – 500 m di profondità. Ha un muso appuntito e a forma di cono e due file di circa 50 spine che corrono dal centro del dorso alla prima pinna dorsale. Si nutre di crostacei e pesci. Molto poco si sa della sua riproduzione.
Translation: The shagreen ray (Leucoraja fullonica) measures 1 m 20 cm. It lives in almost all Italian waters at depths of 30 – 500 m. It has a cone-shaped and pointed snout and two rows of about 50 spines each running from the center of the back to the first dorsal fin. It feeds on crustaceans and fishes. Very little is known of its reproduction. 

GUEST BLOGGER AND TFUI OFFICER ROBERTO MASCIA

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My name’s Roberto I’m 37 years and I’m from Naples, Italy. I love sharks since I saw for the first time on tv the Spielberg’s movie JAWS in 1986. From then I study them with passion, love and devotion. I love all species of sharks and one of my dreams is to go to South Africa to dive myself with white sharks or cooperate in some way with some specialized association.
WHAT ELSE ROBERTO HAS WRITTEN:
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  • Sharks of Italian Waters (Part 1)
  • Sharks of Italian Waters (Part 2)

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    Author

    TFUI Founder Melissa C. Marquez is author of all animal bios and "Behind the Fins" segments.
    ​
    A proud #LatinainSTEM, Marquez is a marine biologist who focuses on shark habitat use and movements; she is also a science communicator (follow her on Twitter) who focuses on diverse Chondrichthyan education and who focuses on the media coverage of sharks.
    You can learn more about her on her website.

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  • About TFUI
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